The roots of mod­ern day were cul­ti­vated in Japan in the late 1930s. In 1939, Japan­ese der­ma­tol­o­gist Dr. Okuda detailed his ground­break­ing work in sur­gi­cal hair restora­tion for burn vic­tims. He described using a punch tech­nique to extract round sec­tions of hair-bearing skin, which were then implanted into slightly smaller round holes made in the scarred or burned areas of the scalps of his patients. After the skin grafts healed, they con­tin­ued to pro­duce hair in the pre­vi­ously bald areas of scalp. In 1943 another Japan­ese der­ma­tol­o­gist refined Okuda’s tech­nique by using sig­nif­i­cantly smaller grafts of one to three hairs to replace lost pubic hair in his female patients.

In 1952, Dr. Nor­man Oren­tre­ich, a New York der­ma­tol­o­gist, per­formed the first known hair trans­plant in the U.S. on a man suf­fer­ing from male pat­tern bald­ing. Oren­tre­ich essen­tially rein­vented modern-day hair transplantation.

Seven years later, after much crit­i­cism, Oren­tre­ich pub­lished his find­ings and set forth his the­ory of “donor dom­i­nance” in the Annals of the New York Acad­emy of Sci­ences. His work demon­strated that the hair from the back and the sides of a man’s scalp was for the most part resis­tant to the bald­ing process. How­ever, his tech­nique mir­rored the less aes­thet­i­cally “punch graft” process of Okuda instead of the more nat­ural, smaller graft­ing tech­nique of Tamura.

It wasn’t until the mid 1990s that sur­gi­cal hair restora­tion pro­duced natural-looking results. Newer tech­niques, such as fol­lic­u­lar unit micro graft­ing, fol­lic­u­lar unit trans­plan­ta­tion, and fol­lic­u­lar unit extrac­tion, have made hair trans­plan­ta­tion a vir­tu­ally unde­tectable, viable option for many.